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Protein-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems.

Seyoung Hong1, Dong Wook Choi2, Hong Nam Kim3

  • 1Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.

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Summary

Protein nanoparticles offer safe, biocompatible, and biodegradable drug delivery systems. This review details various proteins and methods for creating these advanced nanoparticles.

Keywords:
biocompatiblebiodegradablecontrolled releasedrug deliveryprotein nanoparticle

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanoparticles are widely utilized for delivering drugs and chemicals, including anticancer agents and therapeutic proteins.
  • Natural biomolecules, particularly proteins, present a safer alternative to synthetic polymers in nanoparticle formulations.
  • Protein nanoparticles exhibit desirable properties like biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the types of proteins utilized in the fabrication of protein nanoparticles.
  • To introduce various methods employed for generating protein nanoparticles.
  • To compare the advantages and disadvantages of different protein nanoparticle systems.

Main Methods:

  • Proteins such as fibroin, albumin, gelatin, gliadin, legumin, 30Kc19, lipoprotein, and ferritin are used.
  • Methods for nanoparticle generation include emulsion, electrospray, and desolvation techniques.
  • Preparation and encapsulation processes occur under mild conditions, avoiding toxic chemicals and organic solvents.

Main Results:

  • Protein nanoparticles can be synthesized using a diverse range of natural proteins.
  • Established methods allow for the controlled formation of protein nanoparticles.
  • The choice of protein and method influences the final nanoparticle characteristics and applications.

Conclusions:

  • Protein nanoparticles represent a promising platform for drug delivery due to their inherent safety and favorable properties.
  • The review provides a comparative overview to guide the selection of appropriate proteins and methods for specific applications.
  • Further research into protein nanoparticle systems can enhance their therapeutic potential.