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A Low-Cost, Open Source Monitoring System for Collecting High Temporal Resolution Water Use Data on Magnetically

Camilo J Bastidas Pacheco1,2, Jeffery S Horsburgh1,2, Josh R Tracy2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-8200, USA.

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We developed an affordable, non-disruptive monitoring system for detailed residential water use data. This low-cost device accurately captures water consumption at high temporal resolution, aiding water management and behavioral studies.

Keywords:
Arduinodatalogginghigh resolution dataopen sourceresidential water usesmart meteringwater end uses

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Water Resource Management
  • Instrumentation and Measurement

Background:

  • Accurate residential water use data is crucial for effective water management and infrastructure planning.
  • Existing monitoring methods can be costly or disruptive to existing water meters.
  • High temporal resolution data is needed to understand water use patterns and behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a low-cost, non-disruptive system for collecting high temporal resolution residential water use data.
  • To assess the accuracy and applicability of the developed monitoring system in real-world settings.
  • To provide an open-source solution for researchers studying water end-use patterns.

Main Methods:

  • A monitoring system was designed using an Arduino Pro microcontroller, a custom datalogging shield, and a magnetometer sensor.
  • The system was calibrated at the Utah Water Research Laboratory.
  • Field testing was conducted on five single-family residences for over one month.

Main Results:

  • The system costs approximately $150 and can be installed on common analog water meters without disruption.
  • Data collection achieved a temporal resolution as fine as 4 seconds, with an estimated battery life of over 5 weeks.
  • Under ideal conditions, collected data showed less than 2% deviation from the meter's registered volume.
  • Field deployments demonstrated the system's accuracy, functionality, and ability to identify individual water use events.

Conclusions:

  • The developed low-cost monitoring system provides accurate, high temporal resolution residential water use data.
  • The open-source nature of the hardware and software allows for customization and reuse in various water research applications.
  • This system has significant potential for water end-use studies, water demand forecasting, and infrastructure design.