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COVID 19: Diabetes and Obesity API-ICP Recommendations

Shashank R Joshi1, Mangesh H Tiwaskar2, Siddharth N Shah3

  • 1Dean, Indian College of Physicians; Consultant Endocrinologist, Lilawati Hospital, Bhatia Hospital, Apollo Sugar Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|July 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes and obesity increase COVID-19 vulnerability due to immune defects. Management requires early nutrition, insulin, and lifestyle adherence for better outcomes in diabetic patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes and obesity are significant risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Diabetic individuals exhibit immune defects, increasing susceptibility to infections like COVID-19.
  • COVID-19 can exacerbate diabetes by causing pancreatic damage and stress hyperglycemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increased vulnerability of diabetic patients to COVID-19.
  • To outline critical management strategies for diabetes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • To emphasize the need for strict supervision for high-risk diabetic subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diabetes, obesity, and COVID-19.
  • Analysis of clinical observations regarding COVID-19 impact on diabetic patients.
  • Synthesis of recommendations for diabetes management during the pandemic.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients, especially males, the elderly, and those with hypertension, heart, or kidney disease, face higher COVID-19 risks.
  • COVID-19 infection can necessitate insulin therapy due to hyperglycemia and pancreatic effects.
  • Effective management involves early, diabetes-specific nutrition and insulin therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes and obesity significantly increase COVID-19 severity and risk.
  • Prompt and specialized diabetes management, including nutrition and insulin, is crucial for hospitalized patients.
  • Continuous lifestyle adherence, self-monitoring, and medication supply are vital for diabetic individuals during the pandemic.

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