Broadband thin sound absorber based on hybrid labyrinthine metastructures with optimally designed parameters

Broadband acoustic absorbers with thin thickness are highly desired in practical situations such as architectural acoustics, yet it is still challenging to achieve high absorption by using structure with limited thickness. Here we report the theoretical optimal design, numerical simulation and experimental demonstration of a planar acoustic absorber capable of producing broadband sound absorption with deep-subwavelength thickness. The mechanism is that, we use a hybrid design of individual unit cell comprising multiple resonators with a coiled configuration for expanding the working bandwidth and downscaling the resulting device, and, on the other hand, the geometries of the constituent resonance elements are optimally designed by using genetic algorithm. Based on an analytical formula we derive for an efficient prediction of the absorption efficiency, the optimization process is accelerated and gives rise to an optimally maximized amount of absorbed energy with limited device thickness. As a result, the proposed absorber features planar profile, broad bandwidth, wide absorbing angle (the absorber works well when the incident angle of sound wave reaches 60°) and thin thickness (< 1/25 wavelength). In addition, the proposed scheme does not rely on extra sound-absorptive materials or the type of constituent solid material, which significantly simplifies the sample fabrication and improves the application potential of resulting device. The measured data agree well with the theoretical predictions, showing high sound absorption in the prescribed frequency range. We envision our design to further improve the performance of acoustic absorbers and find applications in practical situations in need of elimination of broadband acoustic waves within limited spaces.