Screening, Characterization and Evaluation of Mangiferin Polymorphs.

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Solid-State Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Mangiferin, a compound with diverse pharmacological activities, is found in numerous natural products.
• Previous literature reported anhydrous and hydrate forms of mangiferin separately, but its polymorphism was not fully understood.
• Polymorphism is crucial for drug development, affecting stability, solubility, and bioavailability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive polymorph screening of mangiferin.
• To identify, characterize, and compare different solid-state forms of mangiferin.
• To evaluate the stability, transformation, and solubility of mangiferin polymorphs for pharmaceutical applications.

Main Methods:

• Polymorph screening using various solid-state characterization techniques.
• Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) for structural identification.
• Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA) for thermal analysis.
• Hirshfeld surface analysis for intermolecular interactions.

Main Results:

• Five distinct solid forms of mangiferin were obtained, with three being novel discoveries.
• Characterization confirmed the identity and properties of each form.
• Crystallographic data and Hirshfeld surface analysis were reported for anhydrous and hydrate forms.
• Form V demonstrated favorable stability, transformation, and solubility profiles.

Conclusions:

• The study revealed the complex polymorphism of mangiferin.
• Form V emerged as a promising candidate for pharmaceutical development due to its advantageous properties.
• This research provides a foundation for the rational design of mangiferin-based drug products.