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The hepatic lipidome: From basic science to clinical translation
Marit Ten Hove1, Lena Pater1, Gert Storm2
1Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|July 3, 2020
Summary
This review explores how lipid metabolism in the liver impacts liver diseases. It highlights lipid droplets, toxic lipids, and lipidomic signatures for diagnosis and discusses new therapies targeting the hepatic lipidome.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Metabolic Biochemistry
- Molecular Medicine
Background:
- The liver is central to lipid metabolism and transport.
- Dysregulated lipid metabolism leads to liver diseases like steatosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Lipid droplets are organelles crucial for cellular lipid storage and release.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of hepatic lipid homeostasis.
- To elucidate lipid compartmentalization mechanisms and lipidomic profiles in liver diseases.
- To discuss novel therapeutic strategies targeting the hepatic lipidome.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of hepatic lipid metabolism.
- Analysis of lipidomic data in liver disease.
- Review of therapeutic approaches for liver diseases.
Main Results:
- Lipids are categorized as 'toxic' or 'healthy', influencing disease progression or resolution.
- Unique lipidomic signatures correlate with liver disease progression, aiding diagnosis.
- Lipid flux into/out of droplets can generate toxic species causing liver damage.
Conclusions:
- Understanding hepatic lipid homeostasis is crucial for liver disease management.
- Lipidomic analysis offers diagnostic potential for liver diseases.
- Targeting the hepatic lipidome with agents like pro-resolving lipids and small-molecule inhibitors shows therapeutic promise.
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