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Moss-biocrusts strongly decrease soil surface albedo, altering land-surface energy balance in a dryland ecosystem.

Bo Xiao1, Matthew A Bowker2

  • 1College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|July 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biocrusts significantly lower land surface albedo by absorbing more solar radiation, impacting energy balance and soil temperature. These biological soil crusts influence climate and weather, especially in drylands.

Keywords:
Biological soil crustChinese Loess PlateauMicrobiotic crustSoil reflectanceSoil temperatureSolar radiation balance

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Area of Science:

  • Earth Science
  • Climate Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Land surface albedo is crucial for climate and weather patterns.
  • Biocrusts are widespread in drylands but their impact on albedo and energy balance is understudied.
  • The temporal dynamics of biocrust albedo remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of moss-biocrusts on land surface albedo and energy balance.
  • To analyze the temporal dynamics of biocrust albedo in relation to soil temperature and moisture.
  • To assess the impact of biocrusts on soil thermal regimes and their implications for climate.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous measurement of surface albedo, energy balance, temperature, and moisture for two years.
  • Quantification of surface color and roughness for biocrust and bare soil.
  • Comparative analysis between biocrust-covered soil and bare soil.

Main Results:

  • Biocrusts exhibited 43.4% lower albedo than bare soil due to increased darkness, roughness, and moisture.
  • Biocrust albedo showed a negative linear relationship with soil temperature and moisture, varying seasonally.
  • Biocrusts reduced outgoing short-wave radiation but increased net radiation, leading to complex soil temperature responses (warming when dry, cooling when wet).

Conclusions:

  • Biocrusts significantly alter land surface albedo and energy balance, with implications for climate.
  • Soil temperature under biocrusts is modulated by albedo and modified thermal properties, not solely by energy absorption.
  • Biocrusts' sensitivity to land use suggests a mechanism through which human activities can impact climate and weather.