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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 16, 2025

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Headache and Neuroimaging: Why We Continue to Do It.

J E Jordan^1,2, A E Flanders³

¹From the Department of Radiology (J.E.J.), Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center, Torrance, California john.jordan2@providence.org.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|July 4, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Clinicians frequently order imaging for chronic headaches despite evidence of low cost-effectiveness. Overutilization stems from various factors, necessitating reforms and advanced tools for better patient management.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Health Policy

Background:

Imaging for chronic nonfocal headaches is increasing despite guidelines questioning its cost-effectiveness.
Clinicians face challenges in appropriate headache imaging due to fear of missed diagnoses, litigation, and established practices.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the complex factors driving the overuse of imaging in patients with headaches.
To explore potential solutions, including regulatory reforms and technological advancements, for optimizing headache diagnostic strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing guidelines and studies on headache imaging cost-effectiveness.
Analysis of multifactorial reasons for current clinical practices in headache imaging.
Discussion of the societal value of negative imaging findings and future management approaches.

Main Results:

Despite evidence against routine imaging for chronic nonfocal headaches, its utilization is rising.
Key drivers include fear of litigation, habitual practices, patient pressure, and financial incentives.
Negative imaging results hold societal value, but this is not fully recognized.

Conclusions:

Regulatory and legislative reforms are essential to support evidence-based imaging practices without professional risk.
Clinical decision support tools and machine intelligence show promise in improving the quality and cost-efficiency of headache management.
A better understanding of the value of negative findings is needed to shift clinical behavior.