Perinatal maternal undernutrition does not result in offspring capillary rarefaction in the middle-aged male baboon
Anderson H Kuo1,2, Cun Li3,4, Hillary F Huber3
1Department of Radiology and Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Insights
Maternal nutrient reduction (MNR) leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in baboons did not show oral capillary rarefaction in fetal preductal vessels. Further research is needed on other vascular beds and function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Developmental Biology
- Microcirculation Research
Background:
- Microvascular health significantly impacts coronary blood flow and heart function.
- Abnormalities in extracardiac capillaries are linked to increased coronary heart disease risk factors.
- Previous studies identified cardiovascular dysfunction in baboon offspring with maternal nutrient reduction (MNR)-induced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis of oral capillary rarefaction in baboon offspring with MNR-induced IUGR.
- To assess microvascular changes in the oral mucosa of IUGR baboons compared to controls.
Main Methods:
- Quantified capillary density using in vivo high-power capillaroscopy.
- Examined middle-aged male IUGR baboons and age-matched controls.
- Focused on lateral buccal and inferior labial mucosa, representing fetal preductal vascular beds.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in capillary density (fraction area or optical density) were observed between IUGR and control baboons in the examined oral vascular beds.
- The findings pertain specifically to vascular beds derived from fetal preductal vessels.
Conclusions:
- The study did not find evidence of oral capillary rarefaction in fetal preductal vascular beds associated with MNR-induced IUGR in baboons.
- Further investigation is required, focusing on post-ductal vascular beds, retinal vasculature, and functional assessments.
Abstract:
Microvascular health is a main determinant of coronary blood flow reserve and myocardial vascular resistance. Extracardiac capillary abnormality has been reported in subjects at increased coronary heart disease risk, such as prehypertension, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. We have reported cardiovascular dysfunction in a cohort of maternal nutrient reduction (MNR)-induced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) baboon offspring. Here we test the hypothesis that there is oral capillary rarefaction associated with MNR-induced IUGR. Capillary density was quantified using in vivo high-power capillaroscopy on seven middle-aged (~10.7 yr; human equivalent ~40 yr) male IUGR baboons and seven male age-matched controls in the lateral buccal and inferior labial mucosa. While no difference was found between groups in either area by fraction area or optical density for these vascular beds derived from fetal preductal vessels, further studies are needed on post-ductal vascular beds, retina, and function.
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