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Sleep duration and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: A systematic review

Jiahong Sun1, Mingming Wang2, Lili Yang2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Child Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Sleep Medicine Reviews
|July 4, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Short sleep duration in children and adolescents is linked to increased adiposity and high blood pressure. Improving sleep may promote cardiovascular health in youth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular risk factors are well-established in adults with short sleep duration.
  • Evidence linking sleep duration to cardiovascular health in children and adolescents remains inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize evidence on the association between sleep duration and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents.
  • To evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and ISI Web of Science databases.
  • Inclusion of 37 reviews/meta-analyses on sleep duration and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Inclusion of 15 studies on sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents.

Main Results:

  • Strong evidence links short sleep duration to increased adiposity markers and hypertension in youth.
  • Some evidence suggests a connection between short sleep and insulin resistance.
  • Inconsistent findings were observed for blood lipids, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Conclusions:

  • Short sleep duration is associated with key cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents.
  • Further research is needed to clarify associations with specific risk factors.
  • Interventions to enhance sleep duration and quality may support pediatric cardiovascular health.

Keywords:
AdolescentsCardiovascular risk factorsChildrenMetabolic syndromeShort sleep duration

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