A global view of the miRNA-mitophagy connexion

Mitochondria are highly dynamics organelles that provide the necessary energy for cellular functions. However, when they are dysfunctional, they can, by contrast, be very harmful for the cell. Mitophagy ensures their recycling and preserves cell performance. This mechanism is particularly important in neurons because they use a lot of energy. Failed mitophagy can thus affect the development of neurons and lead to brain problems. In this regard, a tight regulation of this process is needed. In recent years microRNAs, as regulators of several biological processes, have attracted attention in the field of mitophagy. In this review, we focused on the studies that highlight the miRNAs implicated in the regulation of mitophagic pathways. In particular, we described the first study carried out 7 years ago, in the context of mitophagy during erythroid differentiation. Next, we have cited all the other works to date on microRNAs and mitophagy regulation. Finally, we have underlined the importance of these discoveries in order to define new therapeutic approaches in the context of age-related diseases involving mitochondrial dysfunctions, such as cancers and neurodegenerative diseases.