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Wnt-controlled sphingolipids modulate Anthrax Toxin Receptor palmitoylation to regulate oriented mitosis in

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Sphingolipids control cell division orientation in zebrafish embryos by regulating spindle positioning. Wnt signaling activates sphingolipid synthesis, impacting Anthrax receptor palmitoylation and mitotic spindle alignment.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Oriented cell division is crucial for embryonic development, including neural tube formation and body axis extension.
  • During zebrafish gastrulation, epiblast cells exhibit divisions oriented along the animal-vegetal axis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of sphingolipids in mediating spindle positioning during oriented cell division in zebrafish epiblast cells.
  • To elucidate the regulatory pathway involving Wnt signaling, sphingolipid synthesis, and mitotic spindle orientation.

Main Methods:

  • Lipidomics analysis
  • Metabolic tracer analysis
  • Quantitative image analysis

Main Results:

  • Sphingolipids were identified as key mediators of spindle positioning in oriented epiblast cell division.
  • Wnt signaling regulates sphingolipid synthesis by modulating serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) activity.
  • Sphingolipids control the palmitoylation of the Anthrax receptor, which is essential for mitotic spindle positioning and oriented division.

Conclusions:

  • Wnt signaling promotes sphingolipid-dependent oriented cell division through regulation of Anthrax receptor palmitoylation.
  • This pathway ultimately controls Diaphanous activation, mediating spindle rotation and oriented mitosis in zebrafish embryos.