Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model
Published on: March 5, 2022
Effect of Diet on Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Yujie Shang1,2, Huifang Zhou1,2, Minghui Hu1,2
1Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Objective:
The effect of diet on insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is controversial. Thus, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether diet could reduce IR in women with PCOS while providing optimal and precise nutrition advice for clinical practice.
Design:
The search was conducted in 8 databases through June 30, 2019. The systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. A random-effects model was adopted to calculate the overall effects.
Results:
A total of 19 trials (1193 participants) were included. The analysis showed that diet was significantly related to improvements in IR and body composition (eg, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting insulin, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index [BMI], weight, and waist circumference) in PCOS patients. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and calorie-restricted diets might be the optimal choices for reducing IR and improving body composition, respectively, in the PCOS population. Additionally, the effects were associated with the course of treatment. The longer the duration, the greater the improvement was. Compared with metformin, diet was also advantageous for weight loss (including BMI and weight) and had the same effects on insulin regulation.
Conclusion:
Overall, our findings suggest that diet is an effective, acceptable and safe intervention for relieving IR, and professional dietary advice should be offered to all PCOS patients.
Related Concept Videos
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Oogenesis
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...

