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Real-time Quaking-induced Conversion Assay for Detection of CWD Prions in Fecal Material

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Chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids.

, Antonia Ricci, Ana Allende

EFSA Journal. European Food Safety Authority

|July 7, 2020

Summary

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in Norway necessitates EU surveillance and risk-based measures. While the human risk is not fully understood, prions are present in edible tissues, posing a potential public health concern.

Keywords:

cervids chronic introduction risk spread surveillance wasting

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Public Health
Wildlife Disease Ecology
Prion Disease Research

Background:

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) confirmed in Norwegian wild reindeer and moose in 2016.
Emerging CWD threat prompted EU Commission request for surveillance and risk-management strategies.
Focus on Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, and Sweden, and seven cervid species.

Purpose of the Study:

Recommend surveillance activities and risk-based measures to prevent CWD introduction and spread within the EU.
Assess potential public health risks associated with CWD.
Evaluate existing EU regulations regarding CWD introduction.

Main Methods:

Proposed a 3-year surveillance system tailored for farmed and wild/semi-domesticated cervids.
Implemented a two-stage sampling program: random sampling at farm/population level and convenience sampling for high-risk individuals.
Reviewed current EU derogations and their implications for CWD introduction.

Main Results:

Current EU derogations pose a risk for CWD introduction.
Effectiveness of CWD spread prevention measures depends on the unknown presence of the disease within the EU.
Zoonotic potential exists; CWD prions found in edible tissues, though no link to human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease established.

Conclusions:

Urgent implementation of a robust, tiered surveillance system is crucial for early CWD detection.
EU-wide coordinated risk-management strategies are necessary to mitigate CWD spread.
Continued research into CWD's zoonotic potential and human health implications is vital.