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Dietary reference values for sodium.

, Dominique Turck, Jacqueline Castenmiller

    EFSA Journal. European Food Safety Authority
    |July 7, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The European Food Safety Authority recommends a daily sodium intake of 2.0 g for adults, pregnant, and lactating women, supporting cardiovascular health and sodium balance. Specific adequate intakes are provided for children and infants.

    Keywords:
    Dietary Reference ValueSodium

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutrition Science
    • Public Health
    • Dietary Guidelines

    Background:

    • The European Commission requested the derivation of dietary reference values (DRVs) for sodium.
    • Existing evidence on sodium balance and health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and bone health, was reviewed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To derive DRVs for sodium for the general EU population, including adults, pregnant/lactating women, and children.
    • To establish a safe and adequate daily sodium intake level based on available scientific evidence.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of evidence from sodium balance studies.
    • Analysis of the relationship between sodium intake and health outcomes (CVD endpoints, bone health).
    • Integration of evidence and uncertainties to derive reference values.

    Main Results:

    • Data were insufficient to derive average requirements (AR) or population reference intakes (PRI).
    • A sodium intake of 2.0 g/day provides confidence in reduced CVD risk for adults.
    • 2.0 g/day is considered likely to maintain sodium balance for most adults.
    • Specific adequate intakes (AIs) were proposed for infants and children based on age and energy requirements.

    Conclusions:

    • 2.0 g/day of sodium is considered a safe and adequate intake for the general EU adult population, including pregnant and lactating women.
    • Tailored sodium intake recommendations were established for various age groups of children and infants.
    • The derived values aim to support public health by providing clear dietary guidance on sodium consumption.