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Experimental Protocol to Determine the Chloride Threshold Value for Corrosion in Samples Taken from Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Dietary reference values for chloride.

, Dominique Turck, Jacqueline Castenmiller

    EFSA Journal. European Food Safety Authority
    |July 7, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New dietary reference values (DRVs) for chloride were established by the EFSA Panel. These values are equimolar to sodium reference values due to their close bodily relationship and dietary sources.

    Keywords:
    ChlorideDietary reference value

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutrition Science
    • Dietary Reference Values
    • Food Safety

    Background:

    • Establishing dietary reference values (DRVs) for chloride presents challenges due to a lack of specific biomarkers and direct evidence linking intake to health outcomes.
    • Chloride and sodium exhibit a close physiological relationship, with sodium chloride being a primary dietary source for both electrolytes in European populations.
    • Urinary excretion patterns in Western populations show molar equivalence between sodium and chloride, suggesting a link between their intake and balance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To derive dietary reference values (DRVs) for chloride for various population groups within the European Union.
    • To establish safe and adequate intake levels for chloride, considering its relationship with sodium.

    Main Methods:

    • The Panel utilized the established reference values for sodium as a basis for deriving chloride reference values.
    • Chloride reference values were set to be equimolar to the corresponding sodium reference values across different age groups and life stages.
    • Adequate intake for infants aged 7-11 months was determined separately.

    Main Results:

    • DRVs for chloride were set at 1.7 g/day (1-3 years), 2.0 g/day (4-6 years), 2.6 g/day (7-10 years), and 3.1 g/day (11-17 years and adults).
    • For adults, including pregnant and lactating women, the DRV for chloride is 3.1 g/day.
    • An adequate intake of 0.3 g/day was established for infants aged 7-11 months.

    Conclusions:

    • The derived chloride reference values are considered safe and adequate for the general EU population, assuming sodium chloride is the primary dietary source.
    • The equimolar relationship to sodium reference values supports these recommendations.
    • These DRVs provide essential guidance for public health nutrition in the EU.