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Ovarian Cycle

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Whole Ovary Immunofluorescence, Clearing, and Multiphoton Microscopy for Quantitative 3D Analysis of the Developing Ovarian Reserve in Mouse

Whole Ovary Immunofluorescence, Clearing, and Multiphoton Microscopy for Quantitative 3D Analysis of the Developing Ovarian Reserve in Mouse

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Early Prediction of Corpus Luteum Functionality Using an Imaging Software.

Angela Salzano¹, Marco Russo¹, Giuseppe Anglani¹

¹Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

|July 7, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Color Doppler ultrasonography and ImageJ analysis of luteal blood flow (BFA) can predict pregnancy in buffaloes. Higher BFA and progesterone levels from Day 8 post-insemination indicate successful pregnancy.

Keywords:

blood flow area buffaloes corpus luteum pregnancy diagnosis progesterone

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Reproductive Biology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Early pregnancy diagnosis in buffaloes is crucial for herd management.
Color Doppler ultrasonography offers a non-invasive method to assess reproductive status.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of luteal blood flow (BFA) and progesterone (P4) measurements for predicting pregnancy in buffaloes.
To assess the utility of ImageJ software for analyzing BFA data.

Main Methods:

59 buffaloes underwent estrus synchronization and fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI).
Corpus luteum size (CLS), BFA, and P4 concentrations were measured from Day 5 to 10 post-TAI.
Pregnancy was confirmed on Day 45 and Day 70 post-TAI.

Main Results:

Pregnant buffaloes exhibited significantly larger CLS, higher BFA, and elevated P4 levels compared to non-pregnant ones.
Progesterone levels differed by Day 7, and BFA by Day 8 post-TAI between groups.
ROC analysis showed P4 predicted pregnancy from Day 5, with improved reliability from Day 8. Logistic regression confirmed P4 and BFA as positive predictors.

Conclusions:

Color Doppler ultrasonography combined with ImageJ analysis effectively differentiates pregnant from non-pregnant buffaloes.
BFA patterns, detectable from Day 8 post-TAI, serve as a reliable indicator of early pregnancy in buffaloes.
This method enhances early pregnancy detection in buffalo reproduction management.