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Children's detailed non-water beverage consumption habits and longitudinal early childhood caries experiences

Kelsey H Jordan1,2, Gerald McGwin1, Noel K Childers3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Ryals School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Journal of Public Health Dentistry
|July 7, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Non-water beverage consumption (NWBC) behaviors alone do not predict early childhood caries (ECC). Juice intake is a significant risk factor for ECC, especially when considering consumption patterns and frequency.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Public Health Nutrition
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Sugar-sweetened beverages are a known risk factor for early childhood caries (ECC).
  • Inconsistent findings on the relationship between non-water beverage consumption (NWBC) and ECC suggest measurement choices may be a factor.
  • Understanding detailed NWBC behaviors is crucial for identifying children at high risk for ECC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between detailed baseline NWBC behaviors and longitudinal ECC experiences in high-risk children.
  • To determine if specific NWBC behaviors (intake speed, container type, bedtime consumption) are associated with ECC development.
  • To assess the role of beverage type (juice, milk) in the relationship between NWBC and ECC.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 66 low-income, rural African American children from 8-18 months old over 5 years.
  • Baseline questionnaires collected data on demographics, oral hygiene, and detailed NWBC habits.
  • Annual dental examinations assessed decayed, missing, or filled tooth surfaces (dmfs); logistic regression analyzed associations between NWBC and ECC incidence.

Main Results:

  • NWBC behaviors were not independently associated with ECC. Juice consumption was a significant risk factor (OR: 2.0).
  • Juice remained a risk factor even after adjusting for intake speed (OR: 2.1), container type (OR: 2.0), and bedtime consumption (OR: 1.9).
  • Bottle feeding at bedtime may be an effect modifier, showing a higher odds ratio for ECC (OR: 3.5) compared to non-bottle feeding (OR: 1.5). Milk consumption was not associated with ECC.

Conclusions:

  • Detailed NWBC behaviors alone are insufficient to predict ECC.
  • Beverage type, frequency, and specific consumption behaviors must be considered collectively to accurately assess NWBC/ECC relationships.
  • Targeting juice consumption and understanding bottle use are important strategies for ECC prevention in high-risk populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
beveragescaries risk (assessment)dental caries (susceptibility)early childhood cariesepidemiologic measurementepidemiologyfeeding behavior

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