[Chemical constituents from Xanthii Fructus]

Area of Science:

• Natural Product Chemistry
• Pharmacology
• Medicinal Plant Research

Background:

• Xanthium sibiricum (Xanthii Fructus) is a traditional medicinal plant.
• Investigating its chemical constituents can reveal novel bioactive compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and identify chemical constituents from Xanthium sibiricum.
• To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds.

Main Methods:

• Compounds were isolated using silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, ODS chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC.
• Structural identification was performed using HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectral data.
• Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage RAW264.7 cells.

Main Results:

• Twenty-one compounds were isolated and identified, including novel compounds (5-21) from the genus Xanthium.
• Compounds 5-21 were reported from the genus Xanthium for the first time.
• Heliolactam (12) and terresoxazine (13) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production with IC50 values of 15.45±0.56 and 20.14±0.78 μmol·L−1, respectively.

Conclusions:

• The study successfully isolated and identified 21 compounds from Xanthium sibiricum.
• Heliolactam and terresoxazine demonstrate potential as anti-inflammatory agents.
• Further research into these compounds could lead to new therapeutic strategies.