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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Environment-Wide Association Study of CKD.

Jeonghwan Lee1, Sohee Oh2, Habyeong Kang3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|July 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental chemical exposure may contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study identified specific metals and compounds linked to increased CKD risk, highlighting potential environmental factors affecting kidney health.

Keywords:
CaprylatesCotinineFluorocarbonsPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicThiocyanatesVolatile Organic Compoundsalbuminuriacadmiumchronic kidney diseasecreatinineenvironmental chemicalsglomerular filtration rateleadperfluorooctanoic acidphenylglyoxylic acidrisk factorsvolatile organic compounds

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Nephrology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern.
  • Environmental chemical exposure is a suspected, yet understudied, contributor to CKD.
  • Identifying specific environmental chemicals associated with CKD is crucial for prevention and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify environmental chemicals associated with CKD among a large adult population.
  • To investigate the links between measured chemical levels and indicators of kidney damage.
  • To validate findings using a comprehensive environment-wide association study approach.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 46,748 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2016).
  • Measurement of 262 environmental chemicals in urine or blood samples.
  • Statistical association testing for albuminuria, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and a composite kidney disease outcome.

Main Results:

  • Seven (3%) of 262 chemicals showed significant associations with increased CKD risk.
  • Specific chemicals like blood cadmium, blood lead, and volatile organic compounds were linked to albuminuria and reduced eGFR.
  • Conversely, 23 chemicals, including perfluorooctanoic acid and certain metals, were associated with a lower risk of CKD manifestations.

Conclusions:

  • Several environmental chemicals, including metals and volatile organic compounds, are identified as potential risk factors for CKD.
  • The findings suggest a significant role for environmental exposures in the development of kidney disease in the general population.
  • Further research into these identified chemicals could inform public health strategies for CKD prevention.