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Single and repeated low-dose UVB radiation exposures affect the visual system.

Valmor Vinicius Araujo Vaz1, Leandra Jardim da Silva2, Márcio Alberto Geihs1

  • 1Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology
|July 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Low-dose UVB radiation, even in single or repeated exposures, impacts the visual system of the crab Neohelice granulata. This study reveals oxidative stress and inflammation in the retina and optic lobes following UVB exposure.

Keywords:
CrustaceanEyestalkMorphological alterationsNervous systemOxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Crustacean Research

Background:

  • The visual system serves as a sensitive indicator of environmental stressors like ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
  • Previous research primarily focused on high-dose, single UV exposures, leaving gaps in understanding low-dose effects.
  • Investigating chronic, low-dose UV exposure is crucial for understanding ecological impacts on marine organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of single and repeated low-dose UVB radiation on the visual system of the crab Neohelice granulata.
  • To assess oxidative stress markers, antioxidant capacity, and histological changes in the retina and optic lobes.
  • To differentiate the impacts of short-term versus long-term environmental UVB exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Crabs (Neohelice granulata) were exposed to environmental UVB doses (0.09 J/cm²) for 1 or 60 days.
  • Evaluated reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, and lipoperoxidation (LPO) levels.
  • Histological analysis was performed on retinal and optic lobe tissues.

Main Results:

  • Single UVB exposure increased ROS, CAT, and GST in the retina, and GST while decreasing LPO in optic lobes.
  • Repeated (60-day) exposure elevated ACAP in the retina and ROS in optic lobes.
  • Histological examination after 60 days revealed retinal hemocyte infiltration and optic lobe neuron disorganization.

Conclusions:

  • Both single and repeated low-dose UVB exposure induce significant oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the visual system of Neohelice granulata.
  • The findings highlight the vulnerability of crustacean visual systems to chronic environmental UVB radiation.
  • This research provides insights into the sublethal effects of UV radiation on marine invertebrates.