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Related Experiment Videos

Suicide attempts in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study.

E K Mościcki1, P O'Carroll, D S Rae

  • 1Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, Maryland 20857.

The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with a lifetime psychiatric disorder diagnosis face the highest risk for suicide attempts. Other risk factors include being female, divorced/separated, White, lower socioeconomic status, and residing in Los Angeles.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Suicide attempts are a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding risk factors in the general population is crucial for prevention.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on clinical populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify lifetime risk factors for attempted suicide in the general community.
  • To estimate the prevalence of suicide attempts in a large, diverse population.
  • To provide insights into non-clinical suicidal behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the five-site National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study.
  • Employed the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) for lifetime psychiatric disorder and suicide attempt ascertainment.

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  • Applied weighted logistic regression to identify significant risk factors for suicide attempts.

    • Main Results:

    • Lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 2.9% among 18,571 adult respondents.
    • A lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorder was the strongest predictor (OR = 8.4).
    • Additional risk factors included female gender (OR = 3.3), separation/divorce (OR = 2.5), White ethnicity (OR = 1.7), lower socioeconomic status (ORs = 2.2, 2.3), and Los Angeles site (OR = 1.8).

    Conclusions:

    • Psychiatric disorders are a primary risk factor for suicide attempts in the general population.
    • Demographic and socioeconomic factors also play a significant role.
    • Findings underscore the importance of community-based mental health initiatives and suicide prevention strategies.