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Far from acceptable: youth-reported risk behaviour screening by primary care physicians
Taslina Eisner-Fellay1, Christina Akre1, Diane Auderset1
1Research Group on Adolescent Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Services, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Family Practice
|July 8, 2020
Summary
Physicians rarely discuss adolescent health risk behaviors, even when youths wish to engage. Improved physician training is crucial for effective screening and counseling practices in youth healthcare.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Adolescent Medicine
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Adolescence and early adulthood are critical periods for acquiring health-detrimental behaviors.
- Understanding physician practices regarding adolescent risk behaviors is essential for preventative care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate physicians' likelihood of addressing health risk behaviors with youths.
- To examine how youths' wishes, specific risk behaviors, and personal characteristics influence physician discussions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the GenerationFRee longitudinal study (N=1970, ages 17-26, Switzerland).
- Analyzed risk behaviors including eating disorders, substance use, emotional wellbeing, problematic internet use, and gambling.
- Employed bivariate and multivariate analyses, presenting results as adjusted odds ratios (aORs).
Main Results:
- Physicians discussed most risk behaviors with less than half of the youths surveyed.
- Discussions were less likely when the risk behavior was present or when the youth desired to discuss it.
- Emotional wellbeing discussions were less frequent with males (aOR 0.47); substance use discussions were more frequent with lower socioeconomic status youths (aOR 6.18).
Conclusions:
- Confirmed low levels of health risk behavior screening among physicians, irrespective of youth desire for discussion.
- Physicians tend to screen systematically, particularly for substance use.
- Enhanced physician training in risk behavior screening and counseling is recommended to improve practice.
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