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Premature mortality in the US: A convergence study.

Konstantinos Christopoulos1, Konstantinos Eleftheriou1

  • 1Department of Economics, University of Piraeus, 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou Street, Piraeus 185 34, Greece.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|July 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Premature mortality in the U.S. shows convergence for males and Black populations, but distinct convergence clubs for females, Whites, and the total population, influenced by specific mortality factors.

Keywords:
Convergence analysisPhillips & SulPremature mortalityUSAYears of potential life lost

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Demography

Background:

  • Premature mortality significantly impacts public health and socioeconomic outcomes.
  • Understanding mortality trends is crucial for effective health policy.
  • Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) is a key indicator of premature death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if premature mortality, measured by YPLL, converges across U.S. states.
  • To identify specific mortality components driving convergence or divergence in YPLL.
  • To analyze the spatial distribution of YPLL convergence clubs.

Main Methods:

  • Calculation of Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) for U.S. states.
  • Application of the Phillips and Sul (2007, 2009) convergence test methodology.
  • Analysis of mortality components contributing to YPLL disparities.

Main Results:

  • U.S. states exhibit convergence in YPLL for males and the Black population towards a steady-state.
  • Females, Whites, and the total population form distinct convergence clubs.
  • Convergence clubs are differentiated by infant, cardiovascular, and unintentional injury mortalities.
  • States with lower YPLL are predominantly located on the West and East Coasts.

Conclusions:

  • Mortality trends are not uniform across all demographic groups in the U.S.
  • Specific causes of death, such as infant mortality and cardiovascular disease, play a critical role in shaping YPLL convergence patterns.
  • Geographic disparities in mortality persist, with coastal regions showing better outcomes.