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Atypical Genotypes for Canine Agouti Signaling Protein Suggest Novel Chromosomal Rearrangement
Dayna L Dreger1, Heidi Anderson2, Jonas Donner2
1Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
Genes
|July 9, 2020
Summary
Anomalous Agouti Signaling Protein (ASIP) genotypes with three or four allele variants were found in 17 dog breeds. These findings suggest ASIP should be analyzed by haplotype, not just allele hierarchy.
Area of Science:
- Canine genetics
- Molecular biology
- Phenotypic variation
Background:
- Canine coat color genetics is a popular area of study, with commercial labs providing extensive genotype data.
- Previous research identified unusual Agouti Signaling Protein (ASIP) genotypes in a large cohort of dogs.
- These anomalies prompt further investigation into canine color and pattern inheritance mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To further characterize the occurrence and frequency of anomalous ASIP genotypes in canids.
- To analyze the potential phenotypic impact of these complex ASIP allele combinations.
- To propose underlying genetic mechanisms for the observed genotype anomalies.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of commercial genotype data from 11,790 canids.
- Detection and documentation of ASIP genotypes with three or four allele variants.
- Examination of 17 distinct dog breeds and Dingoes for these anomalous genotypes.
Main Results:
- Combinations of three or four ASIP allele variants were detected in 17 breeds and Dingoes.
- Within-breed frequencies of these anomalous genotypes ranged from 1.32% to 63.34%.
- Potential impacts on canine coat color phenotype were analyzed, with gene recombination and duplication proposed as mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- The findings highlight potential inaccuracies in current industry-wide ASIP genotyping protocols.
- The study suggests that ASIP genotyping should incorporate haplotype analysis for greater accuracy.
- Future canine color genetics research should consider the complexity of ASIP locus variation.
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