Optimal Cluster Head Positioning Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Electrical Engineering
• Network Engineering

Background:

• Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are crucial for AI applications, but sensor nodes have limited resources.
• Efficient data sensing and transmission protocols are vital for WSNs.
• Node clustering with a cluster head (CH) is a common technique to manage data collection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an optimization algorithm for adjusting the cluster head (CH) location within a cluster.
• To minimize the total path loss during intra-cluster communication.
• To extend the algorithm for inter-cluster communication along a spiral trajectory.

Main Methods:

• Developed an optimization algorithm to find the optimal CH location that minimizes path loss.
• Implemented CH re-positioning based on new geometric configurations.
• Extended the algorithm to manage multi-hop communication between CHs for inter-cluster data transfer.

Main Results:

• The proposed algorithm effectively identifies optimal CH locations.
• CH re-positioning significantly reduces intra-cluster communication path loss.
• The extended algorithm efficiently handles inter-cluster communication over a spiral trajectory.

Conclusions:

• The proposed CH positioning algorithm enhances WSN efficiency.
• Optimizing CH location is critical for reducing energy consumption in WSNs.
• The algorithm demonstrates effectiveness in both single and multi-cluster WSN scenarios.