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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

6.3K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Remote-Access Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy: A 2025 Consensus Statement from the Asia-Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery, American Head and Neck Society, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, American Thyroid Association, European Society of Endocrine Surgeons, and Latin American Thyroid Society.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
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Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

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Robotic thyroid surgery.

Kyung Tae1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.

Auris, Nasus, Larynx
|July 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Remote access robotic thyroidectomy offers cosmetic benefits and good voice outcomes, overcoming neck scarring. Despite challenges like cost and technique difficulty, it

Keywords:
Endoscopic thyroidectomyFacelift approachRemote access thyroidectomyRobotic thyroidectomyTransaxillary approachTransoral thyroidectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Surgical Robotics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Remote access robotic thyroidectomy techniques aim to minimize neck scarring.
  • Various approaches exist, including transaxillary, axillo-breast, postauricular, and transoral methods.
  • The transoral approach is gaining global popularity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of remote access robotic thyroid surgery.
  • To discuss recent advancements in the field.
  • To highlight the benefits and limitations of these techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on robotic thyroidectomy.
  • Analysis of different remote access surgical approaches.
  • Discussion of outcomes and challenges associated with robotic thyroid surgery.

Main Results:

  • Robotic thyroidectomy provides excellent cosmetic results and voice preservation.
  • Key limitations include technical difficulty, a steep learning curve with higher complication rates, and significant cost.
  • Cultural factors, extended operative times, and legal considerations also impede widespread adoption.

Conclusions:

  • Remote access robotic thyroidectomy is a feasible alternative to conventional methods.
  • Outcomes can be comparable to open surgery when performed by experienced surgeons in carefully selected patients.
  • Continued advancements are refining these techniques for broader application.