Phytochemicals: Potential Lead Molecules for MDR Reversal.
Boshra Tinoush1, Iman Shirdel2, Michael Wink1
1Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
|July 9, 2020
Summary
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer is a major treatment challenge. This review highlights phytochemicals that can reverse MDR by modulating ABC transporters, offering potential for improved cancer chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products Chemistry
Background:
- Multidrug resistance (MDR) significantly impedes effective cancer chemotherapy.
- ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are key mediators of MDR through drug efflux.
- Current MDR treatments are insufficient, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and discuss natural products, specifically phytochemicals, with MDR-reversing capabilities.
- To explore the mechanisms by which phytochemicals modulate ABC transporter activity and expression.
- To identify phytochemical classes with potential for combination therapy in resistant cancers.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search for studies on phytochemicals and MDR.
- Categorization of phytochemicals based on chemical structure (e.g., flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes).
- Analysis of evidence for MDR modulation via ABC transporter interaction and synergistic effects.
Main Results:
- Numerous phytochemicals from various classes demonstrate MDR-reversing activity in cancer cell lines.
- Phytochemicals impact ABC transporter expression and/or function, reducing drug efflux.
- Synergistic interactions between phytochemicals and conventional anticancer drugs are observed.
Conclusions:
- Phytochemicals represent a promising avenue for overcoming MDR in cancer treatment.
- Combination therapy using low-toxicity phytochemicals with anticancer agents may enhance treatment efficacy.
- Further research into phytochemical mechanisms and clinical application is warranted.
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