Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

5.0K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.0K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

3.6K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.6K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.0K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
40.0K
Menopause01:28

Menopause

3.5K
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
3.5K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

3.6K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
3.6K
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

3.1K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AAV vector production in suspension cells using PEI transfection and sodium butyrate with orthogonal assessment of function and quality.

Molecular therapy. Advances·2026
Same author

Family-Based Study Reveals <i>PDE11A/PDE11A-AS1</i> Variants in Testicular Germ Cell Tumor Predisposition.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

PD-L1 Expression in Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Impacts on Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Therapeutic Potential, and Biomarker Utility.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

The Prognostic Value of Proclarix in Prostate Cancer Patients Under Active Surveillance: Predicting Transition to Active Treatment and Disease Progression in a Danish Cohort.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Proclarix' performance in ruling out patients with no or indolent prostate cancer: evaluation in a Danish population.

BMC cancer·2026
Same author

Methylation-specific, universal, and highly sensitive identification of ctDNA in prostate cancer by multiplex droplet digital PCR.

PloS one·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
06:17

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

Published on: November 6, 2014

24.7K

Aging and menopause reprogram osteoclast precursors for aggressive bone resorption.

Anaïs Marie Julie Møller1,2,3, Jean-Marie Delaissé1,2,4,5,6, Jacob Bastholm Olesen1,4

  • 1Clinical Cell Biology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark.

Bone Research
|July 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Around menopause, women experience accelerated bone loss due to increased osteoclast activity. This study reveals that monocytes "remember" aging and menopausal status, leading to more aggressive osteoclasts and potential osteoporosis risk.

Keywords:
BoneOsteoporosis

More Related Videos

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats
08:56

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

1.1K
A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro
07:03

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

Published on: June 16, 2022

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
06:17

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

Published on: November 6, 2014

24.7K
Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats
08:56

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

1.1K
A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro
07:03

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

Published on: June 16, 2022

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Bone loss accelerates around menopause due to hormonal shifts, increasing osteoporosis risk.
  • Osteoclast overactivity is linked to reduced estrogen but intrinsic precursor changes remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if osteoclast precursors (monocytes) exhibit intrinsic changes around menopause contributing to increased bone resorption.
  • To explore the role of age and menopausal status on monocyte-derived osteoclast activity in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated CD14+ blood monocytes from 49 female donors (40-66 years old).
  • Differentiated monocytes into osteoclasts in vitro, assessing differentiation and resorption activity.
  • Utilized multiple linear regression analysis combining in vitro and in vivo data.

Main Results:

  • Age and menopausal status correlated with aggressive osteoclast bone resorption in vitro.
  • In vivo markers of bone formation (procollagen N-terminal propeptide) inversely correlated with osteoclast resorption.
  • Increased cathepsin K protein levels and decreased DNA methylation in specific gene promoters were observed with age and menopause.

Conclusions:

  • Monocytes are epigenetically "reprogrammed" in vivo, retaining memory of age and menopausal status, leading to more aggressive osteoclasts.
  • DNA methylation may mediate these changes, potentially explaining individual differences in age- and menopause-related bone loss.
  • Findings suggest clinical implications for understanding and potentially managing osteoporosis risk.