Uncommon Presentations of Multiple Myeloma
Praveena Tathineni1, Ivan Cancarevic2, Bilal Haider Malik2
1Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago/Advocate Christ Medical Center, Chicago, USA.
Cureus
|July 9, 2020
Summary
Multiple myeloma, a rare cancer, can present unusually, affecting eyes, nerves, and the digestive system. Early diagnosis of these atypical multiple myeloma symptoms is crucial for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Multiple myeloma is a rare plasma cell malignancy.
- Prognosis has improved with advancements like stem cell transplantation.
- Atypical presentations can delay diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on unusual clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma.
- To assist clinicians in differential diagnosis of atypical myeloma cases.
- To promote earlier detection of multiple myeloma.
Main Methods:
- Literature search for reported atypical presentations of multiple myeloma.
- Compilation and categorization of diverse clinical findings.
Main Results:
- Ocular symptoms: proptosis, optic neuropathy, vision loss, retinal issues.
- Neurological signs: cranial nerve palsies, vertigo, diabetes insipidus.
- Gastrointestinal and renal involvement: pancreatitis, mesenteric ischemia, glomerular disease, renal failure.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians should report and consider multiple myeloma in patients with serious, atypical symptoms.
- Recognizing diverse presentations aids in early multiple myeloma diagnosis.
- Awareness of atypical myeloma manifestations is vital for timely intervention.
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