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Related Concept Videos

Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound01:19

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To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:
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Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

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Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
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Equipments Used To Measure Blood Pressure01:30

Equipments Used To Measure Blood Pressure

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Direct Method
This invasive approach involves cannulating a peripheral artery. During each cardiac contraction, pressure generates mechanical motion within the catheter, transmitted through rigid, fluid-filled tubing to a transducer. This transducer converts mechanical motion into electrical signals displayed as waveforms on a monitor. An automatic flushing system prevents blood backflow. Due to the potential risk of unexpected arterial blood loss, this method is primarily used in intensive...
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Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

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Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
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Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
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A Real-Time Heart Rate Signal Detection using an Electronic Stethoscope with Labview.

Oktivasari P1, Haryanto F2, Hamidah Salman A3

  • 1MSc, Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, Bandung.

Journal of Biomedical Physics & Engineering
|July 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A new low-cost electronic stethoscope accurately measures heart rate (BPM) in real-time. This device offers a viable alternative to traditional stethoscopes for diagnosing heart conditions and patient monitoring.

Keywords:
FilterHeart InstrumentationHeart RateHeart SoundsReal-timeStethoscopes

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Devices
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Accurate stethoscope measurements are crucial for early heart problem diagnosis and patient monitoring.
  • Conventional stethoscopes have limitations in providing precise real-time data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate an electronic stethoscope for automatic real-time heart rate (Beats Per Minute - BPM) identification.
  • To design and implement a low-cost electronic stethoscope as an alternative to conventional devices.

Main Methods:

  • A low-cost electronic stethoscope was designed, incorporating a preamplifier, filters, microcontroller, and Bluetooth.
  • Signal conditioning involved amplification (10-30x) and filtering using fourth-order Butterworth filters (cutoffs at 50 Hz and 180 Hz).
  • Simulation and experimental studies were conducted to test the electronic circuit design and real-time performance.

Main Results:

  • The fourth-order Butterworth filter demonstrated optimal performance.
  • Real-time BPM measurements showed minimal difference (2-5%) compared to manual measurements.
  • The system exhibited a slight delay of 1.7 to 2 seconds in measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electronic stethoscope system provides suitable information for BPM values.
  • The system can effectively display heart sound signals, aiding in clinical data acquisition.
  • This low-cost electronic stethoscope presents a promising tool for improved cardiac diagnostics and monitoring.