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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

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Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

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Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.7K
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

475
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
475
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

625
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
625
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

766
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy
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Regional Anesthesia in Neuroanesthesia Practice.

Ashutosh Kaushal1, Rudrashish Haldar2

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, India.

Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)
|July 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regional anesthesia, enhanced by ultrasound guidance, offers improved safety and reduced medication needs for neurosurgery patients. This technique improves pain management and hemodynamic stability, making it a valuable tool in neuroanesthesia.

Keywords:
Analgesicsanaesthesiaanaestheticscarotid endarterectomycervical plexus blockneurosurgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroanesthesiology
  • Regional Anesthesia Techniques
  • Ultrasound-Guided Procedures

Background:

  • Regional anesthesia has historically been underutilized in neuroanesthetic practice.
  • Recent advancements in techniques, pharmacology, and ultrasound technology have brought regional anesthesia to the forefront.
  • Traditional landmark-based methods are being superseded by more reliable and safer ultrasound-guided approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current applications and benefits of regional anesthesia in neuroanesthesia.
  • To highlight commonly used regional blocks within neuroanesthesiology.
  • To detail the characteristics and specific aspects of these neuroanesthetic blocks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on regional anesthesia in neuroanesthesia.
  • Focus on ultrasound-guided techniques and their impact.
  • Description of established regional blocks utilized by neuroanesthesiologists.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia offers reduced local anesthetic requirements.
  • These techniques improve intraoperative hemodynamic stability and postoperative pain scores.
  • A significant decrease in postoperative analgesic needs and associated side effects is observed.

Conclusions:

  • Regional anesthesia, particularly with ultrasound guidance, is a safe and effective modality in neuroanesthesia.
  • It provides superior pain control and hemodynamic management compared to traditional methods.
  • The review underscores the growing importance and potential of these techniques in neurosurgical patient care.