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Sclerostin and Vascular Pathophysiology.

Antonino Catalano1,2, Federica Bellone1,2, Nunziata Morabito1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Sclerostin, a Wnt signaling inhibitor, is linked to vascular aging and atherosclerosis. Elevated sclerostin levels correlate with increased cardiovascular risk, particularly in aging and certain diseases.

Keywords:
Wntagingatherosclerosiscalcificationcardiovascularchronic kidney diseasediabetes mellitussclerostin

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Wnt signaling pathways are implicated in atherosclerosis and vascular aging.
  • These pathways influence endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, inflammation, and calcification.
  • Sclerostin acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on the association between sclerostin and vascular diseases.
  • To highlight sclerostin's role in the pathophysiology of the vascular system.
  • To discuss sclerostin as a potential marker for vascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence on sclerostin and vascular diseases.
  • Analysis of studies investigating Wnt signaling in atherosclerosis and aging.
  • Synthesis of data on sclerostin levels in relation to cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Sclerostin levels increase with aging.
  • Higher sclerostin levels are observed in diseases like diabetes and chronic kidney disease, which are associated with increased atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk.
  • Evidence suggests sclerostin disruption of Wnt signaling contributes to vascular pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Sclerostin is increasingly recognized as a marker for clinical and subclinical vascular diseases.
  • Its role in the pathophysiology of the vascular system is significant.
  • Understanding sclerostin's impact on Wnt signaling is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk.