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Vaccinations01:51

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Japan's Ongoing Crisis on HPV Vaccination.

Masayuki Sekine1, Risa Kudo1, Manako Yamaguchi1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.

Vaccines
|July 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The HPV vaccine is safe and highly effective, preventing 93.9% of infections in young women. Resuming proactive recommendations in Japan is crucial for preventing cervical cancer.

Keywords:
HPV infectionHPV vaccineJapanese governmentadverse reactioncervical cancersuspension of proactive recommendation

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Japan suspended proactive HPV vaccination recommendations in 2013.
  • Concerns about vaccine safety persist despite extensive data.
  • The bivalent HPV vaccine targets HPV types 16/18.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in the Japanese population.
  • To assess the vaccine's impact on HPV infection rates and cervical abnormalities.
  • To advocate for the resumption of proactive HPV vaccination recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of HPV infection prevalence in vaccinated versus unvaccinated women.
  • Calculation of vaccine effectiveness against specific HPV types (16, 18, 31, 45, 52).
  • Assessment of the vaccine's impact on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3 or worse).

Main Results:

  • High vaccine effectiveness (93.9%) observed in women vaccinated before sexual activity.
  • Significant reduction in HPV types 16, 31, and 52 infections in vaccinated individuals.
  • Cross-protection against HPV types 31/45/52 demonstrated, with 67.7% effectiveness.
  • Potential to prevent 82% of invasive cervical cancer cases in Japan.
  • Significant reduction in CIN3 or worse incidence.

Conclusions:

  • The HPV vaccine is safe and effective in preventing HPV infections and precancerous cervical lesions.
  • The vaccine's benefits, including cross-protection, are substantial.
  • Resuming proactive HPV vaccination recommendations is urgently needed in Japan.