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Modifiable Risk Factors Associated With Moyamoya Disease: A Case-Control Study
Peicong Ge1,2,3,4,5, Qian Zhang1,2,3,4,5, Xun Ye1,2,3,4,5
1Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (P.G., Q.Z., X.Y., X.L., X.D., J.W., R.W., Y.Z., D.Z., J.Z.).
Background And Purpose:
The cause of moyamoya disease (MMD) remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between modifiable risk factors and MMD in a prospective, case-control study.
Methods:
Clinical and laboratory characteristics were evaluated in consecutively recruited adult patients with MMD and age-matched healthy control individuals. The potential risk factors for MMD were estimated by logistic regression analysis.
Results:
Our prospective study included 138 adult patients and 138 healthy control subjects. Logistic regression analyses showed that increased body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.121 [95% CI, 1.018-1.234]; P=0.020) and homocysteine (OR, 1.201 [95% CI, 1.081-1.334]; P=0.001) were associated with higher risk of MMD. Whereas increased albumin (OR, 1.043 [95% CI, 1.004-1.082]; P=0.028) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR, 1.043 [95% CI, 1.004-1.082]; P=0.028) were correlated with a lower risk of MMD. Furthermore, homocysteine (OR, 1.070 [95% CI, 1.010-1.134]; P=0.023) was significantly related to unilateral lesions.
Conclusions:
Increased body mass index and homocysteine were associated with a higher risk of MMD. In contrast, increased albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were correlated with a lower risk of MMD. Furthermore, increased homocysteine was related to a higher prevalence of unilateral MMD. More attention should be paid to the modifiable risk factors of MMD, as these might help us finding its cause and new therapeutic regimen. Registration: URL: http://www.chictr.org. Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000031412.
Insights
This study found that higher body mass index and homocysteine levels increase moyamoya disease (MMD) risk, while albumin and HDL cholesterol may offer protection. Understanding these modifiable factors is key for MMD cause and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Moyamoya disease (MMD) etiology remains largely unknown.
- Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for understanding MMD pathogenesis and developing interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between modifiable risk factors and the risk of developing moyamoya disease (MMD).
Main Methods:
- A prospective, case-control study involving 138 adult MMD patients and 138 age-matched healthy controls.
- Clinical and laboratory characteristics were assessed.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate risk factors.
Main Results:
- Increased body mass index (BMI) and homocysteine levels were associated with a higher risk of MMD.
- Elevated albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were linked to a lower MMD risk.
- Higher homocysteine levels correlated with a greater prevalence of unilateral MMD lesions.
Conclusions:
- Modifiable factors like BMI, homocysteine, albumin, and HDL-C play a significant role in MMD risk.
- These findings highlight potential targets for MMD prevention and treatment strategies.
- Further research into these factors may elucidate MMD causes and therapeutic avenues.
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