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Extracellular vesicles: novel communicators in lung diseases
Aradhana Mohan1, Stuti Agarwal1, Matthias Clauss2
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail Stop 3007, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
Respiratory Research
|July 10, 2020
Summary
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the lungs carry biomarkers for diseases like COPD and lung cancer. These tiny cell particles also show potential as future therapeutics for lung conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Cell Biology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- The lung's high vascular density involves endothelial cells in extracellular vesicle (EV) circulation.
- EVs, including exosomes and microvesicles, originate from various lung cells like macrophages and epithelial cells.
- EVs contain miRNA, mRNA, and proteins, reflecting donor cell health and disease states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of EVs as biomarkers and mediators in lung diseases.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of EVs in pulmonary conditions.
- To highlight EVs as crucial intercellular communicators in the lung.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review on extracellular vesicles in lung pathologies.
- Analysis of current research on EV cargo and function.
- Exploration of therapeutic applications of progenitor cell-derived EVs.
Main Results:
- EVs are implicated as markers and mediators in COPD, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, lung cancer, and ALI/ARDS.
- EV cargo provides insights into lung disease progression and donor cell status.
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs show therapeutic promise for lung diseases.
Conclusions:
- Extracellular vesicles are significant in lung health and disease, serving as vital biomarkers.
- EVs play a dual role as mediators of lung pathologies and potential therapeutic agents.
- Further research into EVs could revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases.
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