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P53 staining index and zonal staining patterns in actinic keratoses
Sanja Javor1,2, Giulia Gasparini1,2,3, Chiara Maria Biatta2,4
1Dermatology Unit, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Archives of Dermatological Research
|July 10, 2020
Summary
Actinic keratoses (AKs) progression is linked to TP53 gene mutations. Increased p53 staining in AKs correlates with age, facial location, and dysplasia grade, indicating potential for squamous cell carcinoma development.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Actinic keratoses (AKs) are precancerous skin lesions caused by UV radiation.
- Clinical and histological grades do not reliably predict AK aggressive potential.
- TP53 gene mutations are implicated in AK progression to squamous cell carcinoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze p53 staining intensity (p53 staining index) in AKs based on body site, histology, and dysplasia grade.
- To investigate the epidermal distribution patterns of non-functional p53 (zonal staining).
- To establish p53 staining as a predictor of AK clinical course.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemical staining for p53 protein in AK samples.
- Quantification of p53 staining index and assessment of zonal staining patterns.
- Statistical analysis correlating p53 staining with patient age, body site, histological type, and dysplasia grade.
Main Results:
- Over 90% of AKs exhibited a p53 staining index >50%.
- Higher p53 staining index was significantly associated with older age and facial AKs.
- A significant correlation was found between p53 staining index and dysplasia grade and zonal staining patterns.
Conclusions:
- p53 staining intensity is a valuable indicator of AK progression risk.
- Facial AKs in older patients with higher dysplasia grades require closer monitoring.
- All AKs warrant treatment, with heightened attention for those on sun-damaged skin.
