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Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Extraction of Lignin with High β-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield
Published on: January 7, 2019
Kraft lignin fractionation by organic solvents: Correlation between molar mass and higher heating value
Luísa Carvalho Pereira Araújo1, Fábio Minoru Yamaji1, Vitor Hugo Lima1
1Science and Technology Center for Sustainability - CCTS, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 -Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
The new concept of integrated biorefineries has significantly changed pulp and paper industries. Lignin, which until then was only burned to generate energy, is now an important raw material for new products production. Kraft lignin (KL) fractions obtained by sequential fractionation with five organic solvents. This sequence allows to extract fractions from lower molar mass to higher molar one, resulting in more homogeneous samples. Lignin's fractions were characterized by FTIR, GPC, TGA and Higher Heating Value (HHV). HHV for KL was 24966, the lowest being 17,891 (F5) and the highest being 27051 J/g (F1), inversely proportional to the molar masses of fractions. This is a very important result indicating that the lower HHV fractions can be used for certain applications, such as antioxidants, additives, polymers, among others, adding value to kraft lignin. Fractions with higher HHV could be used for energy generation in the cellulose paper industry.
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