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Viral Structure

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Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.

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Cationic Nanostructures for Vaccines Design.

Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro¹, Yunys Pérez-Betancourt¹

¹Biocolloids Laboratory, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 11, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores cationic supramolecular assemblies as vaccine adjuvants. These positively charged nanostructures, combined with antigens, show promise for enhancing immune responses, simplifying vaccine design.

Keywords:

biomimetic lipid/polymer nanoparticles cationic adjuvants cationic lipids cationic nanoparticles cationic polymer /biocompatible polymer assemblies dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide poly (acrylates)poly cations

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Published on: April 29, 2015

Area of Science:

Vaccine Development
Immunology
Materials Science

Background:

Subunit vaccines require adjuvants to enhance immune responses.
Effective vaccine formulations involve antigen carriers, antigens, and immune stimulators (TLRs ligands, inflammasome activators).
Antigens are often negatively charged, necessitating complementary positively charged adjuvants.

Purpose of the Study:

To review various cationic supramolecular assemblies for their potential as vaccine adjuvants.
To explore antigen/adjuvant combinations for optimal in vivo activity, simplicity, and stability.
To highlight the importance of positively charged, nanometric, and colloidally stable adjuvant systems.

Main Methods:

Discussion of antigen assembled with cationic lipids.
Review of antigen assembled with cationic polymers.
Analysis of antigen integrated into cationic lipid/polymer and polymer/biocompatible polymer nanostructures.

Main Results:

Several cationic assemblies demonstrate potential as general vaccine adjuvants.
The combination of antigens with cationic carriers is crucial for adjuvant efficacy.
Nanometric size, positive charge, and colloidal stability are key characteristics of effective adjuvants.

Conclusions:

Cationic supramolecular assemblies offer promising avenues for advanced vaccine adjuvant design.
Further exploration of these positively charged nanostructures is warranted for optimizing vaccine efficacy.
Simplicity, stability, and charge are critical factors in developing novel adjuvant systems.