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Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Published on: August 30, 2018

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What Are the Current Approaches to Optimising Antimicrobial Dosing in the Intensive Care Unit?

Ming G Chai1,2, Menino O Cotta1,2, Mohd H Abdul-Aziz1

  • 1University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Ausstralia.

Pharmaceutics
|July 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Optimizing antimicrobial dosing in intensive care units (ICUs) is crucial due to patient variability and resistant pathogens. This review examines methods like nomograms, therapeutic drug monitoring, and advanced AI software for personalized antibiotic therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antimicrobial dosing in intensive care units (ICUs) faces challenges from physiological changes in critically ill patients and pathogen resistance.
  • Standard dosing regimens often fail to achieve target drug exposures, impacting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and explore methods for optimizing antimicrobial dosing in ICU patients.
  • To discuss the evolution of antimicrobial dosing strategies from traditional methods to advanced software solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on antimicrobial dosing strategies in ICUs.
  • Discussion of pharmacokinetic/statistical models, dosing nomograms, and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).
  • Exploration of novel dosing software utilizing Bayesian forecasting and artificial intelligence (AI) with TDM data.

Main Results:

  • Traditional methods like nomograms and TDM are commonly employed for antimicrobial dosing optimization.
  • Emerging dosing software integrates mathematical modeling, Bayesian forecasting, and AI for personalized therapy.
  • These advanced systems leverage patient-specific clinical characteristics and TDM results.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized antimicrobial therapy in ICUs is advancing with novel software solutions.
  • Further studies are needed to validate the clinical and economic benefits of AI-driven dosing software before widespread adoption.
  • Evidence-based implementation of advanced dosing tools is essential for improving patient care in critical settings.
Keywords:
Bayesian forecastingantimicrobialsartificial intelligencecritical illnessnomogrampharmacokineticssepsissoftware

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