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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Peripheral Nerve Compression Syndromes in Children.

Giovanni Gallone1, Giovanni Luigi Di Gennaro1, Sebastian Farr2

  • 1Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|July 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Nontraumatic upper limb neuropathies are uncommon in children. This review covers the diagnosis and treatment of nerve compression syndromes, including carpal tunnel syndrome and ulnar nerve issues.

Keywords:
Carpal tunnel syndromecubital tunnel syndromehereditary neuropathymucopolysaccharidosisradial nerve neuropathyulnar nerve neuropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Nerve Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Conditions

Background:

  • Nontraumatic neuropathies affecting the upper limbs are infrequently observed in pediatric populations.
  • Nerve compression syndromes represent a significant, though rare, cause of upper limb dysfunction in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review on nontraumatic neuropathies of the upper limb in children.
  • To critically examine the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for pediatric nerve compression syndromes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in pediatric neuropathies.
  • Critical analysis of diagnostic criteria and treatment modalities for nerve compression.
  • Synthesis of information on common and rare etiologies.

Main Results:

  • Idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a primary manifestation.
  • CTS can be associated with lysosomal storage diseases, such as mucopolysaccharidosis.
  • Hereditary neuropathies, ulnar nerve neuropathy, and atraumatic radial nerve neuropathies are also discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for pediatric nerve compression syndromes.
  • Understanding the diverse etiologies, from idiopathic to genetic, is key for effective treatment.
  • Further research is warranted to improve outcomes for children with upper limb neuropathies.