Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 15, 2025
A Syngeneic Murine Model of Endometriosis using Naturally Cycling Mice
Published on: November 24, 2020
Pathogenesis of bowel endometriosis
Paul J Yong1, Mohamed A Bedaiwy1, Fahad Alotaibi1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, F2 - 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada.
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of bowel endometriosis is multifactorial. There is a predilection for disease of the rectum/sigmoid colon because refluxed endometrium is more likely to settle in the pouch of Douglas and its movement is delimited by the sigmoid colon, in addition to the close proximity of the rectum/sigmoid to posterior extrinsic uterine adenomyosis and to ovarian endometriomas. Once situated, deep bowel endometriosis has features of invasion, angiogenesis, and fibrosis (repeated tissue injury and repair), with emerging research on oxidative stress and the microbiome. Furthermore, deep bowel endometriosis is associated with neurogenesis and/or the recruitment of local nerve fibers and is capable of invading existing nerves, which in turn may also promote fibrosis. Recently, somatic cancer driver mutations (e.g., in KRAS) were identified in deep bowel endometriosis, which may play a role in the genetic/epigenetic theory of endometriosis. In the future, it is possible that bowel endometriosis could be classified based on molecular features.
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