Correlation between gingival phenotype in the aesthetic zone and craniofacial profile-a CBCT-based study

Area of Science:

• Periodontology
• Orthodontics
• Craniofacial Morphology

Background:

• Gingival phenotype and craniofacial profile are key aesthetic considerations.
• Understanding their relationship aids in treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the correlation between gingival phenotype and craniofacial profile.
• To evaluate periodontal supporting tissue morphology in anterior zones.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study of 66 patients (264 incisors).
• Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for gingival and bone thickness assessment.
• Cephalometric analysis for craniofacial sagittal profile (ANB value).

Main Results:

• Smaller ANB values (concave profile) correlated with thinner gingival tissue and reduced keratinized gingiva width.
• Mandibular incisor gingival thickness showed a positive correlation with sagittal craniofacial measures (ANB, Wits, A-NPog).

Conclusions:

• A moderate correlation exists between mandibular gingival thickness and sagittal craniofacial profile.
• Concave profiles are associated with reduced gingival thickness and width in the aesthetic zone.
• This knowledge aids clinicians in achieving superior aesthetic results.