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Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Development of an In Vitro Ocular Platform to Test Contact Lenses
Published on: April 6, 2016
Contact Lens Discomfort Management: Outcomes of Common Interventions
Cristina Arroyo-Del Arroyo1, Itziar Fernández, Andrea Novo-Diez
1Ocular Surface Group, Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA) (C.A.-d.A., I.F., A.N.-D., M.B.-V., A.L.-M., M.J.G.-G.), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Física Teórica (C.A.-d.A., A.N.-D., M.J.G.-G.), Atómica y Óptica, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering (I.F., M.J.G.-G.), Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valladolid, Spain; and Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (Oftared) (A.L.-M.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Purpose:
To assess the consecutive implementation of habitual contact lens discomfort (CLD) management strategies: lid hygiene, daily disposable CL (DDCL) fitting, and artificial tear (AT) supplementation.
Methods:
Contact lens (CL) wearers with CLD symptoms (CLDEQ-8 ≥12 points) were included in the study. Subjects with Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) were instructed to perform lid hygiene. All participants were fitted with a DDCL (delefilcon A) and evaluated 1 month later. After, half of them were randomly assigned to use AT (Povidone-2%) at least three times/day, and all participants were evaluated 1 month later. Tests performed were: lower tear meniscus area (LTMA), bulbar, limbal, and tarsal hyperemia, noninvasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), and corneal and conjunctival staining. Weighted combined clinical scores (CS) were created to analyze signs. Changes in symptoms (CLDEQ-8) and CS were analyzed using linear mixed models.
Results:
Forty-two subjects (mean age: 23.2±4.9 years) completed the study. Two CS were created, CS 1 was composed of bulbar, limbal, and tarsal hyperemia and corneal staining, and CS 2 by NITBUT, LTMA, and conjunctival staining. CLDEQ-8 was reduced after lid hygiene (mean: -2.73±2.13; P=0.012) and DDCL use (mean: -10.1±3.54; P<0.01), but not after AT use (P=0.62). CS 1 did not change after any intervention. CS-2 was higher (P=0.04) in DGM subjects after lid hygiene, it decreased (P=0.04) after DDCL use.
Conclusions:
Lid hygiene is effective for reducing CLD symptoms in MGD patients. Refitting subjects with delefilcon A is an effective intervention for CLD to reduce symptoms and achieve a healthier ocular surface. Simultaneous administration of AT did not further improve CLD.
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