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Spatial and Temporal Evolutionary Patterns in Puumala Orthohantavirus (PUUV) S Segment.

Florian Binder1, René Ryll1,2, Stephan Drewes1

  • 1Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.

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|July 12, 2020
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Summary

Bank vole population dynamics influence Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) evolution. Spillover infections were detected in field voles, with PUUV RNA prevalence higher during outbreak years.

Keywords:
N proteinNSs proteinS segmentbank voleevolutionhantavirus

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Ecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) circulates in bank vole populations.
  • The virus S segment encodes nucleocapsid (N) and non-structural (NSs) proteins.
  • Understanding host population dynamics is crucial for hantavirus evolution and spread.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of bank vole population dynamics on PUUV S segment evolution.
  • To detect potential spillover infections of PUUV in sympatric rodent species.
  • To analyze the spatial and temporal variation of PUUV genetic sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Collection and analysis of 883 bank voles and other sympatric rodents (2010-2014) in Germany.
  • Detection of PUUV-reactive antibodies and RNA using serological and molecular assays.
  • Phylogenetic and isolation-by-distance analyses of PUUV S segment sequences.

Main Results:

  • 27.9% of bank voles showed PUUV antibodies, 22.3% tested positive for PUUV RNA.
  • A single field vole tested positive for PUUV RNA, indicating a spillover event.
  • PUUV RNA prevalence was higher in outbreak years (2010, 2012) compared to non-outbreak years.
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed spatial clustering of PUUV sequences.
  • NSs protein sequences showed temporal/local variation, while N protein was highly conserved.

Conclusions:

  • Bank vole population dynamics and outbreak years correlate with PUUV prevalence and S segment variation.
  • Field voles can act as hosts for spillover infections.
  • The NSs protein exhibits greater evolutionary flexibility than the N protein in PUUV.