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Advanced glycation end products in diabetes, cancer and phytochemical therapy

Begum Dariya1, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju2

  • 1Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India.

Drug Discovery Today
|July 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) link diabetes and cancer by binding to RAGE. Phytochemicals like genistein and curcumin may block AGE formation and RAGE interaction, offering therapeutic potential.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Irreversible protein and lipid modification by glycation and oxidation generates advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
  • AGEs interact with the receptor for AGE (RAGE), activating signaling pathways like NF-κB and PI3K/Akt.
  • This AGE-RAGE axis is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of AGE-RAGE interaction and associated signaling.
  • To explore the potential of phytochemicals in mitigating AGE formation and RAGE activation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on AGE-RAGE axis and phytochemical activity.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways downstream of RAGE activation.
  • Examination of dicarbonyl compound trapping by phytochemicals.

Main Results:

  • The AGE-RAGE interaction triggers key inflammatory and proliferative signaling cascades.
  • Phytochemicals, including genistein and curcumin, can inhibit AGE formation by trapping dicarbonyl precursors.
  • Glyoxalase activity also plays a role in preventing AGEs.

Conclusions:

  • The AGE-RAGE pathway is a critical mediator in diabetes and cancer development.
  • Targeting AGE formation and RAGE signaling with phytochemicals presents a promising therapeutic strategy.

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