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Epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Chen-Zhou Wu1, Yi-Hang Yuan1, Hang-Hang Liu2
1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Number 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan, China.
BMC Oral Health
|July 13, 2020
Summary
Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a strong bidirectional relationship. Managing one condition may help prevent the other, highlighting the need for awareness among healthcare professionals.
Area of Science:
- Medical Research
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent chronic diseases.
- Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between these two conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize the epidemiologic evidence on the relationship between periodontitis and T2DM.
- To quantify the association between periodontitis and T2DM prevalence and incidence.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of observational studies.
- Meta-analysis of data from four electronic databases and manual searches.
- Inclusion of studies evaluating the T2DM-periodontitis relationship.
Main Results:
- A significant bidirectional relationship was found: higher T2DM prevalence in periodontitis patients (OR=4.04) and vice versa (OR=1.58).
- T2DM patients exhibited worse periodontal status (deeper pockets, higher attachment loss, more lost teeth).
- T2DM increased periodontitis risk by 34%, and severe periodontitis increased T2DM incidence by 53%.
Conclusions:
- A clear bidirectional relationship exists between T2DM and periodontitis.
- Healthcare providers should recognize the strong connection and consider integrated management.
- Further well-designed cohort studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
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