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Serum sickness-like reactions in Iranian children: a registry-based study in a referral center
Azam Mohsenzadeh1, Masoud Movahedi2, Mohammad Saatchi3
1Department of Pediatrics, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Serum sickness-like reactions (SSLRs) in children are often linked to antibiotics like Co-amoxiclav and Cefixime. Further review of prescribing these common antibiotics is recommended in Iran.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pharmacology
- Clinical Immunology
- Drug Safety
Background:
- Serum sickness-like reactions (SSLRs) are hypersensitivity reactions often triggered by medications.
- Limited data exists on SSLRs in pediatric populations within referral centers in Iran.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of children diagnosed with SSLRs.
- To identify common causative agents, particularly antibiotics, associated with SSLRs in Iranian children.
Main Methods:
- A registry-based study analyzed data from 94 pediatric SSLRs patients over two years.
- Diagnostic criteria included fever, rash, urticaria, arthralgia/arthritis, and recent antibiotic use.
Main Results:
- Co-amoxiclav (31%) and Cefixime (33%) were the most frequent antibiotics implicated in SSLRs.
- The mean duration of culprit antibiotic consumption was 5.6 days.
- Male patients showed a significantly longer mean onset of symptoms before hospitalization compared to females.
Conclusions:
- Co-amoxiclav and Cefixime are prevalent triggers for SSLRs in pediatric patients in Iran.
- A review of prescribing practices for these antibiotics in children's infections is warranted.
- Further research by Iranian scholars is needed to confirm these findings.
Introduction And Objectives:
Considering that no studies have been done on a comprehensive review of Serum sickness-like reactions patients (SSLRs) at a referral center in Iran so far, this study aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with SSRL in Tehran Children's Medical Center.
Patients:
The present study was a registry-based study in which the data of 94 SSLRs patients registered in a two-year period were investigated. Confirmation of fever, rash, urticaria, arthralgia / arthritis and history of antibiotic consumption up to three weeks before were the criteria for the diagnosis.
Results:
Fifty-one (54 %) patients were male with mean age of 56 ± 30 months and there was no significant difference in the age of the two genders. The mean onset of symptoms before hospitalization were 3.8 ± 2.7 days (1-14 days); this mean was significantly higher in males than in females (4.6 ± 2.9 versus 2.9 ± 1.7 days, P-value = 0.003). Among antibiotics, Co-amoxiclav and Cefixime antibiotics had the most frequency by 31 % and 33 %, respectively as the most important incidence factor of SSLRs. The mean duration of consumption of culprit medications in the incidence of SSLRs was 5.6 ± 2.9 days with a range of 1-15 days.
Conclusions:
This study showed that among the antibiotics, Co-amoxiclav and Cefixime are more prevalent and a review of prescribing these two antibiotics for the treatment of the children's infections is essential if this finding is confirmed by other Iranian scholars.
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