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Impact of rotavirus vaccination on intussusception hospital admissions in England

Luke J McGeoch1, Adam Finn2, Robin D Marlow3

  • 1Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Vaccine
|July 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus vaccination in England did not increase overall intussusception hospitalizations. While younger infants showed a slight increase, older infants had a decrease, indicating a shift in timing rather than incidence.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Vaccine Safety Research
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Rotavirus vaccination is associated with an increased risk of intussusception.
  • The introduction of rotavirus vaccination in England in July 2013 prompted an investigation into its impact on intussusception rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if rotavirus vaccination introduction in England altered the burden of childhood intussusception hospital admissions.
  • To analyze changes in age group-specific hospital admission rates for intussusception post-vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective ecological analysis of the Hospital Episode Statistics dataset for children aged 0-36 months in England.
  • Comparison of intussusception admission rates before (2008-2013) and after (2014-2018) rotavirus vaccine introduction.
  • Utilized modified Poisson regression and interrupted time series analysis.

Main Results:

  • The mean annual intussusception admission rate was 31.5 per 100,000 person-years.
  • An increased admission rate was observed in the 8-16 week age group (RR 1.46), but this was offset by decreases in other age groups (17-52 weeks).
  • A significant decrease in incidence was noted in the 0-12 month age group (RR 0.80), with no change in overall 0-36 month admissions or disease severity.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccination introduction in England led to a downward shift in the age of intussusception occurrence.
  • No overall increase in hospital admission rates or disease severity was detected.
  • The benefits of rotavirus vaccination are considered to outweigh the small, localized increase in intussusception risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
GastroenteritisIntussusceptionRotavirusVaccine

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