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Statement of the Independent Forensic Expert Group on Conversion Therapy.

Djordje Alempijevic1, Rusudan Beriashvili1, Jonathan Beynon1

  • 1IFEG. Correspondence to: irct@irct.org.

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Summary

Conversion therapy, also known as sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE), lacks scientific validity and causes significant harm. This practice, aimed at changing sexual orientation or gender identity, is widely condemned as cruel and inhuman treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Law
  • Human Rights Law
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Conversion therapy encompasses practices aiming to alter sexual orientation or gender identity, often termed sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE).
  • This practice is globally prevalent, occurring in over 60 countries through diverse methods including talk therapy, medication, aversive treatments, and exorcism.
  • It is performed by various individuals, from health professionals to spiritual leaders, in both state-controlled and private settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To inform legal experts, policymakers, and healthcare professionals about the lack of scientific validity of conversion therapy.
  • To outline the severe physical and psychological consequences associated with conversion therapy.
  • To assess whether conversion therapy constitutes cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or torture.

Main Methods:

  • Review of global practices and terminology associated with conversion therapy.
  • Analysis of the purported methods used in conversion therapy, including psychotherapy, medication, aversive techniques, and spiritual interventions.
  • Examination of the medico-legal implications and ethical considerations surrounding conversion therapy.

Main Results:

  • Conversion therapy lacks any medical or scientific validity.
  • Practices range from psychotherapy and medication to extreme physical and psychological abuse, including electroshock, exorcism, and forced nudity.
  • The practice is imposed on individuals of all ages, including minors, and is often driven by societal prejudice against non-heterosexual orientations.

Conclusions:

  • Conversion therapy is a harmful practice with no scientific basis, leading to severe psychological and physical distress.
  • States have a responsibility to regulate and prohibit conversion therapy, recognizing it as a violation of human rights.
  • Healthcare professionals must refuse to participate in or endorse conversion therapy, upholding ethical standards and protecting vulnerable individuals.